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\u5728\u5916\u4f86\u5b97\u6559\u5165\u81fa\u5f8c\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u56e0\u300c\u6539\u8b8a\u4fe1\u4ef0\u300d\u3001\u300c\u805a\u843d\u53ca\u6c0f\u65cf\u6d88\u5931(\u885d\u7a81\u6216\u5c60\u6bba)\u300d\u3001\u300c\u7269\u696d\u6b0a\u8f49\u79fb\u300d\u6216\u300c\u50b3\u627f\u4e2d\u65b7\u300d\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u539f\u5e73\u57d4\u516c\u5ee8\u6216\u79c1\u58c7\u906d\u68c4\u62dc\uff0c\u800c\u4f5b\u6559\u5bfa\u9662\u5247\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7956\u9748\u5408\u58c7\u6216\u7dad\u8b77\u7b49\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5ef6\u7e8c\u7956\u9748\u656c\u62dc\u3002\u6e05\u671d\u4e2d\u8449\u5f8c\u81f3\u570b\u6c11\u9ee8\u9000\u5b88\u81fa\u7063\u6642\uff0c\u90fd\u66fe\u51fa\u73fe\u4f5b\u6559(\u542b\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559)\u5176\u4ed6\u6cd5\u9580\u5927\u91cf\u5165\u81fa\uff0c\u6b64\u9593\u7684\u78ba\u6703\u8207\u5e73\u57d4\u5efa\u7bc9\u53ca\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7522\u751f\u6df7\u878d\uff0c\u4e45\u800c\u4e45\u4e4b\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u79d1\u5100\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u9020\u666f\u3001\u64fa\u8a2d\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u7121\u6cd5\u5224\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u50b3\u7d71\u539f\u751f\uff1f\u6291\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u6284\u4eff\u6216\u6df7\u878d\u7b49\u60c5\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5f15\u75281671 Ogilby,<\/strong> David Wright\u624b\u7e6a\u5716\uff0c\u91cb\u8fe6\u5982\u4f86\u4f5b\u7956<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
\u5de6\u93ae\u5340\u69ae\u548c\u91cc\u986f\u8d6b\u592a\u7956\uff0c\u592a\u7956\u539f\u70ba2\u516c\u91cc\u5916\u8b1d\u59d3\u4eba\u58eb\u79c1\u58c7\u592a\u7956\uff0c\u7d04\u65bc1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u6539\u4fe1\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6642\uff0c\u5c07\u592a\u7956\u68c4\u65bc\u738b\u59d3\u5730\u4e3b\u8fb2\u5730\uff0c\u5149\u5fa9\u5f8c\u66fe\u5148\u5f8c\u6539\u5efa3\u6b21\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u6b21\u6539\u5efa\u6642\u53d6\u540d\u70ba\uff1a\u986f\u8d6b\u592a\u7956\uff1b2001\u5e74\u7531\u4f5b\u9802\u5c71\u671d\u8056\u5bfa\u8cfc\u5f97\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u5c0a\u91cd\u539f\u6c11\u4fe1\u4ef0\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u5730\u6e05\u6cd5\u5e2b\u8981\u6c42\u8a72\u5bfa\u50e7\u5c3c\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e5\u524d\u5f80\u6253\u6383\u4e0a\u9999\u3001\u9022\u521d\u4e00\u3001\u5341\u4e94\u53ca\u91cd\u8981\u7bc0\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u99d0\u6bbf\u6cd5\u5e2b\u7387\u50e7\u773e\u524d\u5f80\u8aa6\u7d93\u79ae\u656c\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u4e8c\u3001\u9053\u6559\u53ca\u6c11\u9593\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff1a<\/strong>\u5f9e\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5b78\u7406\u4e0a\u4f86\u8fa8\u5225\uff0c\u5728\u81fa\u7063\u73fe\u5b58\u7d14\u9053\u6559\u591a\u70ba\u500b\u4eba\u6216\u5bb6\u65cf\u9053\u58c7\uff0c\u53ef\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7d14\u9053\u6559\u79d1\u5100\uff0c\u6cd5\u5100\u4e4b\u4eba\u8eab\u5206\u53d6\u5f97\u9700\u900f\u900f\u904e\u57f9\u8a13\u53ca\u6aa2\u8988\uff0c\u6709\u56b4\u660e\u7684\u7b49\u7d1a\u53ca\u6649\u5347\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u7940\u4e09\u6e05\u9053\u7956\u53ca\u5f35\u5929\u5e2b\u3002\u53e6\u73fe\u5728\u81fa\u7063\u5404\u7e23\u5e02\u5bae\u5edf\u96d6\u4ee5\u9053\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u81ea\u7a31\uff0c\u9664\u4e3b\u7940\u93ae\u6bbf\u795e\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u5408\u7940\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u9593\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u4f5b\u6559\u795e\u660e\uff0c\u66f4\u5408\u58c7\u539f\u6c11\u7956\u97484<\/a><\/sup>\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u95dc\u79d1\u5100\u796d\u7940\u6216\u554f\u4e8b\u3001\u89e3\u5384\u3001\u6539\u904b\u2026\u7b49\uff0c\u7531\u7d05(\u9ed1)\u982d\u6cd5\u5e2b\u3001\u4e69\u7ae5\u3001\u8f4e\u6276\u9e1e\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u8655\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5f92\u9700\u6c42\uff1b\u7136\u8a31\u591a\u5bae\u5edf\u65bc\u5efa\u91ae\u3001\u9ede\u592a\u6b72\u71c8\u6216\u666e\u6e21\u7b49\u79d1\u5100\u7b49\uff0c\u4ecd\u6703\u59d4\u8acb\u7d14\u9053\u6559\u4e4b\u9053\u9577(\u58eb)\u627f\u8fa6\u3002\u7d14\u9053\u6559\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u901a\u9748\u3001\u964d\u99d5\u6216\u9644\u8eab\u4e0a\u4e69\u7b49\u60c5\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u5bae\u5edf\u5247\u591a\u4ee5\u5176\u70ba\u4e3b\u8ecc\u30021970\u5e74\u4ee3\u5247\u958b\u59cb\u8208\u8d77\u7684\u300c\u9748\u5c71\u6d3e\u300d\uff0c\u96d6\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u6c11\u9593\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u4f46\u70ba\u81fa\u7063\u65b0\u751f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6d3e\u9580\uff0c\u591a\u4ee5\u6beb\u7121\u7ae0\u6cd5\u901a\u9748\u53ca\u9748\u4e69\u884c\u70ba\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u5df2\u5c0d\u81fa\u7063\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0(\u542b\u539f\u6c11\u7956\u9748\u4fe1\u4ef0)\u9020\u6210\u504f\u659c\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
\u81fa\u5357\u7389\u4e95\u5c64\u6797\u7af9\u570d\u5929\u540e\u5bae\u6bcf\u5e74\u65bc\u5abd\u7956\u8a95\u8fb0\u6642\uff0c\u4ee5\u53e4\u79ae\u9080\u8acb\u7576\u5730\u5f8c\u5751\u592a\u7956\u5a18\u5a18\u524d\u4f86\u5408\u58c7\u99d0\u99d5\uff0c\u540c\u6848\u5408\u7940<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u7576\u9053\u6559\u53ca\u6c11\u9593\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f34\u96a8\u4eba\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u9032\u5165\u539f\u6c11\u805a\u843d\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u7522\u751f\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u5e73\u57d4\u516c\u5ee8\u5efa\u7bc9\u3001\u4f48\u7f6e\u53ca\u683c\u5c40\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c0e\u5165\u711a\u9999\u3001\u71d2\u91d1\u3001\u4e09(\u4e94)\u7272\u79ae\u2026\u2026\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u59821871\u5e744\u670813\u65e5\u8607\u683c\u862d\u63a2\u96aa\u5bb6\u7d04\u7ff0\uff0e\u6e6f\u59c6\u751f(John Thomson)\uff0c\u65bc\u4eca\u9ad8\u96c4\u7532\u4ed9(\u530f\u4ed4\u5bee) \u516b\u5f35\u7281\u805a\u843d\u62cd\u651d\u7956\u9748\u58c7\uff0c\u7167\u7247\u4e2d\u5927\u6b66\u58df\u516c\u5ee8\u5df2\u5b8c\u5168\u63a1\u6c11\u9593\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5bae\u5edf\u6a23\u614b\u5efa\u7bc9\uff0c\u58c7\u4e2d\u9664\u4e86\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5169\u53ea\u6d6a\u809a\u7515\u53ca\u77f3\u982d\uff0c\u5df2\u4eff\u6548\u6c11\u9593\u4fe1\u4ef0\u52a0\u5165\u711a\u9999(\u65b9\u5f62\u77f3\u6750\u9999\u7210)\uff0c\u516c\u5ee8\u6b63\u9762\u5169\u5074\u8a2d\u6709\u5c0d\u806f\uff0c\u57fa\u5ea7\u70ba\u592f\u571f\u5960\u57fa\uff0c\u4e26\u5916\u6577\u6d0b\u7070\u9632\u65e5\u66ec\u9f9c\u88c2\u6216\u96e8\u6c34\u6dcb\u5237\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u90e8\u4efd\u57fa\u5ea7\u5df2\u6591\u99c1\u5d29\u843d\uff0c\u4e14\u4e3b\u5efa\u7269\u5df2\u8001\u820a\uff0c\u986f\u898b\u8a72\u58c7\u65e9\u57281871\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u4fbf\u5b58\u5728\u751a\u4e45\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
1871\u5e744\u670814\u65e5\u7d04\u7ff0\uff0e\u6e6f\u59c6\u751f(John Thomson)\uff0c\u651d\u65bc\u4eca\u9ad8\u96c4\u7532\u4ed9(\u530f\u4ed4\u5bee\u516b\u5f35\u7281)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1937\u81f31945\u5e74\u671f\u9593\u300c\u7687\u6c11\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u300d\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u5c0d\u975e\u4f5b\u6559\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u3001\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e4b\u795e\u660e\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u6ec5\u6559\u53ca\u71ec\u795e\u50cf(\u542b\u5e73\u57d4\u65cf\u6240\u7940\u58fa\u3001\u7515\u3001\u77f8\u3001\u74f6)\u7b49\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u8abf\u67e5\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5de6\u93ae\u5e84\u5373\u88ab\u6536\u7e73\u795e\u50cf\u516d\u6b21\uff0c\u5171\u8a08206\u591a\u5c0a\uff0c\u5747\u9020\u518a\u3001\u7de8\u865f\u3001\u7a7f\u5b54\uff0c\u5206\u6279\u711a\u71ec\u65bc\u4eca\u5de6\u93ae\u5149\u548c\u91cc\u5e73\u548c\u6a4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u90e8\u4efd\u672a\u53ca\u65bc\u711a\u71ec\u795e\u50cf\uff0c\u65bc\u5149\u5fa9\u5f8c\u767c\u9084\u539f\u5148\u5bae\u5edf\u6216\u500b\u4eba\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5de6\u93ae\u5317\u6975\u6bbf\u539f\u6709\u7384\u5929\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e09\u5c0a\u53ca\u5abd\u7956\u3001\u4e2d\u58c7\u5143\u5e25(\u539f\u5c6c\u5ed6\u6c0f\u5bb6\u795e)\uff0c\u65bc1944\u5e74\u5e95\u6536\u7e73\u4e2d\uff0c\u50c5\u4e0a\u7e73\u7384\u5929\u4e8c\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u795e\u5c0a\u4ee5\u8b1d\u7c43\u5b89\u653e\uff0c\u85cf\u65bc\u5c71\u5340\u6216\u6a39\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e5\u5077\u5077\u524d\u5f80\u656c\u62dc\uff1b\u90e8\u4efd\u795e\u50cf\u56e0\u672a\u906d\u711a\u71ec\uff0c\u5149\u5fa9\u5f8c\u7531\u4fe1\u5f92\u524d\u5f80\u5de6\u93ae\u5206\u99d0\u6240\u9818\u56de\uff0c\u8a72\u795e\u50cf\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u7576\u521d\u65e5\u64da\u6642\u906d\u65e5\u8b66\u7a7f\u5b54\u75d5\u8de1\u3002\u985e\u6b64\u524d\u63ed\u60c5\u5f62\u5728\u5168\u81fa\u5404\u5730\u7686\u6709\uff0c\u4e0d\u52dd\u679a\u8209\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u4e09\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u9019\u6bb5\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6559\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u9ad4\u5236\u5316\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u50b3\u6559\u5834\u6240\u591a\u70ba\u7c21\u6613\u5efa\u7bc9\u6216\u7531\u7279\u5b9a\u5834\u6240\u6539\u5efa\uff0c\u7686\u7531\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7684\u7d93\u8cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u7531\u4fe1\u5f92\u5354\u52a9\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5916\u89c0\u6216\u4ee5\u5e73\u57d4\u6216\u6f22\u5f0f\u5de5\u6cd5\u642d\u5efa\uff0c\u5167\u90e8\u7a7a\u9593\u3001\u5e03\u7f6e\u3001\u9673\u8a2d\u5247\u53c3\u8003\u539f\u5c6c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u6703\u6240\u7c21\u6613\u7de8\u6392\uff1b19\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d(\u6e05\u4e2d\u8449)\u5df2\u7136\u9010\u6f38\u4eff\u6284\u897f\u5f0f\u5916\u89c0\u53ca\u683c\u5c40\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u64da\u6642\u671f\u53ca\u5149\u5fa9\u5f8c\u90e8\u4efd\u6559\u6703\u91cd\u5efa\u53ca\u6539\u5efa\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u5c0e\u5165\u897f\u5f0f\u5916\u89c0\u683c\u5c40\uff0c\u76f4\u52301990\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u56e0\u4e0d\u518d\u56ff\u9650\u7d93\u8cbb\uff0c\u4e14\u81fa\u7063\u5df2\u9032\u5165\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u5efa\u4e4b\u6559\u6703\u7686\u4ee5\u897f\u5f0f\u98a8\u683c\u8a2d\u8a08\u5efa\u7f6e\u3002
\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5177\u6709\u7a4d\u6975\u6027\u3001\u4e3b\u52d5\u6027\u3001\u958b\u62d3\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u5b89\u5c31\u65bc\u4e00\u9685\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b58\u5728\u885d\u7a81\u98a8\u96aa\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6216\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u5404\u6642\u671f\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u4f9d\u7136\u6703\u524d\u5f80\u99d0\u9ede\u50b3\u6559\u3002\u8377\u862d\u65bc1624\u5e74\u64da\u9818\u81fa\u7063\u5357\u90e8\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u57281627\u5e74\u6642\u5df2\u96a8\u8377\u862d\u4eba\u5165\u81fa\uff0c\u56e0\u50b3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c6c\u6b96\u6c11\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u85aa\u8cc7\u7531\u6771\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u7531Amsterdam\u6b78\u6b63\u5b97\u6559\u6d3e(\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u6559\u6703\u6216\u7a31\u65b0\u6559)\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u7518\u6cbb\u58eb(George Candidius)\u7387\u5148\u5165\u81fa\u50b3\u65595<\/a><\/sup>\uff0c\u7136\u56e0\u8377\u862d\u6642\u671f\u5c0d\u81fa\u7ba1\u63a7\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u5730\u5340\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5728\u6b66\u529b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u6191\u85c9\u4e0b\u5927\u7bc4\u570d\u50b3\u6559\uff1b\u800c\u9577\u671f\u53ca\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u7684\u50b3\u6559\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u7d00\u9304\u4e2d\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u65b0\u6e2f\u3001\u856d\u58df\u3001\u8534\u8c46\u3001\u5927\u54e1\u3001\u6253\u72d7\u3001\u8af8\u7f85\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u64da\u81fa\u5f8c\u671f\u7684\u6eec\u5c3e\u3001\u96de\u7c60\u7b49\u5730\u3002\u56e01624\u5e74\u81f31661\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u81fa\u5b98\u54e1\u53ca\u6b66\u88dd\u4eba\u54e1\u4e0d\u8db3400\u4eba\uff0c\u76f4\u52301661\u5e74\u70ba\u62b5\u79a6\u912d\u6210\u529f\u8ecd\u968a\uff0c\u624d\u5f9e\u6771\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8(\u5df4\u9054\u96c5)\u589e\u5175\u8fd12,000\u4eba\uff1b\u6545\u7576\u6642\u5728\u6cbb\u6b0a\u53ca\u6b66\u529b\u7121\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u50b3\u6559\u512a\u52e2\u74b0\u5883\u6191\u85c9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e14\u7576\u6642\u897f\u62c9\u96c5\u3001\u99ac\u5361\u9053\u5404\u793e\u7cfb\u53ca\u805a\u843d\u4e26\u975e\u5168\u7136\u53cb\u5584\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u5f81\u4f10\u53ca\u885d\u7a81\u4e0d\u65b7\uff0c\u66f4\u8207\u8377\u862d\u4eba\u767c\u751f\u6578\u6b21\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u6545\u7576\u6642\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u8861\u91cf\u5168\u822c\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u76f8\u95dc\u50b3\u6559\u5730\u8207\u50c5\u6b62\u65bc\u81fa\u5357\u3001\u9ad8\u96c4\u3001\u5c4f\u6771\u3001\u5609\u7fa9\u7b49\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u5340\u6216\u5e73\u539f\u7279\u5b9a\u5340\u57df\u3002\u4f46\u6b64\u6642\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5df2\u63a8\u958b\u5e73\u57d4\u65cf\u4fe1\u4ef0\u85e9\u7c6c\uff0c\u5728\u539f\u6709\u7684\u647b\u5165\u95a9\u5ba2\u6587\u5316\u6c1b\u570d\u4e2d\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u6ce8\u5165\u897f\u65b9\u8a8d\u77e5\uff0c\u66f4\u900f\u904e\u901a\u5a5a(\u50b3\u6559\u58eb)\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u6d3b\u52d5\u3001\u6b66\u529b\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u5730\u7406\u63a2\u67e5\u7b49\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5e73\u57d4\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u90e8\u4efd\u8cea\u8b8a\uff1b\u7136\u8377\u862d\u4eba\u56e0\u6557\u65bc\u912d\u6210\u529f\u800c\u64a4\u96e2\uff0c\u52a0\u4ee5\u912d\u6210\u529f\u4f86\u81fa\u5f8c\u7684\u7981\u6559\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u539f\u5df2\u53d7\u6d17\u6559\u5f92\u653e\u68c4\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6216\u907f\u8d70\u5c71\u5340\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u672a\u80fd\u5ef6\u7e8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
\u8377\u862d\u5c24\u7d10\u58eb(Robertus Junius)\u7267\u5e2b\u70ba\u856d\u58e0\u793e\u4eba\u5ba3\u8b1b\u53ca\u65bd\u6d17\u5716\uff0c\u8a72\u756b\u7d14\u5c6c\u4ee5\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u6559\u5802\u683c\u5c40\u6240\u7e6a\u4e4b\u610f\u8c61\u5716\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\u56db\u3001\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\uff1a<\/strong>\u8461\u8404\u7259\u96a8\u8239\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u58eb\u65e9\u572816\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u8449\uff0c\u5df2\u7136\u96a8\u822a\u884c\u8239\u96bb\u4f86\u5230\u6f8e\u6e56\u7fa4\u5cf6\u3001\u5c0f\u7409\u7403\u3001\u6771\u6e2f\u3001\u5927\u54e1(\u5b89\u5e73)\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u5f9e\u7687\u5ba4\u53ca\u6559\u6703\u7d00\u9304\u53ef\u67e5\u95b1\uff0c\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u7b46\u4e0b\u66f4\u51fa\u73feParsor (\u653e\u7d22\u793e\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u99ac\u5361\u9053\u793e\u81e8\u6d77\u7cfb)\u3001Loukouer (\u66ab\u8b6f\u70ba\u516d\u7a7a,\u7814\u5224\u70ba\u4e03\u80a1\u5730\u5340)\u3001Dakar (\u66ab\u8b6f\u70ba\u7be4\u52a0,\u4eca\u4e03\u80a1\u8207\u4f73\u91cc\u4ea4\u754c)\u2026\u2026\u7b49\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u672a\u9032\u884c\u50b3\u6559\u884c\u70ba\u3002
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\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
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\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
2010\u5e74\u5de6\u93ae\u5317\u6975\u6bbf\u7384\u5929\u4e0a\u5e1d\u524d\u5f80\u53e3\u793e\u5bee\u963f\u7acb\u7956\u8fce\u8acb\u592a\u7956\u5408\u58c7\uff0c\u5716\u4e2d\u70ba\u5c2a\u59e8\u5353\u5973\u58eb<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
2020\u5e74\u5de6\u93ae\u5317\u6975\u6bbf\u7384\u5929\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9080\u8acb\u53e3\u793e\u5bee\u963f\u7acb\u7956\u58c7\u3001\u7a46\u5bb6\u592a\u7956\u5171178\u4f4d\u7956\u9748\u5230\u6bbf\u5408\u58c7<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
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\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
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\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
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\u90e8\u4efd\u5b78\u8005\u53ca\u5730\u65b9\u6587\u53f2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4e00\u76f4\u8a8d\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u592a\u7956\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6b64\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6709\u5931\u5ba2\u89c0\u53ca\u516c\u5141\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u78ba\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u90e8\u4efd\u539f\u6c11\u4fe1\u4ef0\u50b3\u627f\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\u4f86\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5247\u9020\u6210\u66f4\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u6703\u9020\u6210\u9019\u4e9b\u932f\u8aa4(\u89ba)\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u5f80\u5f80\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\uff0c\u6539\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\u4f86\u5b97\u6559\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u8ddf\u7956\u50b3\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5207\u5272\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u5357\u9ad8\u5c4f\u53ca\u82b1\u6771\u7b49\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u300c\u591a\uff08\u96d9\uff09\u91cd\u4fe1\u4ef0\u300d(Multiple beliefs) \u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff1b\u6b64\u4e00\u60c5\u5f62\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6c11\u9593\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4eba\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7d14\u4f5b\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6216\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u4ecd\u4ee5\u96b1\u6027\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fdd\u6709\u592a\u7956\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u5168\u81fa\u76ee\u524d\u767c\u73fe82\u4f8b\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e26\u5b58\u4fe1\u5949\u592a\u7956\u7684\u60c5\u4e8b\u3002\u7576\u7136\u540c\u6642\u9084\u6709\u70ba\u6578\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u592a\u7956\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u6700\u539f\u59cb\u53ca\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u592a\u7956\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79c1\u58c7\u5c07\u7956\u5148\u9748\u4f4d\u8207\u795e\u660e(\u542b\u8056\u6bcd\u746a\u5229\u4e9e\u3001\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u3001\u8056\u7d93)\u5408\u7940\uff0c\u6216\u6709\u5c07\u592a\u7956\u5b89\u5949\u5728\u504f\u908a\u6848\u9f95\u4e0a\uff0c\u795e\u6848\u4e0b\u3001\u7246\u89d2\u3001\u504f\u9593\u2026\u2026\uff0c\u5404\u5f0f\u6a23\u614b\u7686\u6709\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u5f35\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u76e1\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
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\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
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\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
John Thomson \u65bc1871\u5e744\u670811\u65e5\u651d\u65bc\u62d4\u99ac\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u7576\u521d\u8a72\u5730\u4ecd\u5c6c\u5353\u679d\u6e05\u5bb6\u65cf\u6240\u6709\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u52301875\u5e74\u624d\u7531\u7518\u70ba\u9716\u7267\u5e2b\u52df\u6b3e\u5411\u5353\u5bb6\u8cfc\u5f97\uff0c\u73fe\u5353\u5bb6\u5f8c\u4ee3\u4ecd\u4fdd\u6709\u7576\u5e74\u571f\u5730\u8cb7\u8ce3\u5951\u7d04\u53ca\u6536\u64da\u3002\u7576\u521d\u6559\u5802\u4ee5\u83c5\u8349\u8986\u9802\u3002\u7167\u7247\u5de6\u4e8c\u70ba\u5353\u679d\u6e05\u5148\u751f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
John Thomson \u65bc1871\u5e744\u670813\u65e5\u651d\u65bc\u5167\u9580\u6728\u67f5\u6559\u6703(\u542b\u9644\u8fd1\u5171\u62cd\u651d28\u5f35\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u623f\u5c4b\u3001\u98a8\u666f\u3001\u53e4\u9053\u7167\u7247)\uff0c\u7576\u521d\u6559\u5802\u5c4b\u9802\u7814\u5224\u662f\u8305\u8349\u8986\u9802<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5f8c\u671f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u65e5\u64da\u521d\u671f\u524d\u63ed\u6559\u6703\u4ecd\u7dad\u6301\u7576\u521d\u5efa\u7269\u5916\u5f62\uff0c\u7136\u56e0\u6559\u67031880\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u70ba\u64f4\u5927\u6559\u6703\u79ae\u62dc\u5802\u4f7f\u7528\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b78\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u63a8\u884c\u8056\u7d93\u7f85\u99ac\u62fc\u97f3\u73ed\u53ca\u6f22\u6587\u8b58\u5b57\u73ed\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u57f9\u8a13\u521d\u7d1a\u50b3\u6559\uff0c\u4e26\u9074\u512a\u9078\u8a13\u81f3\u5e9c\u57ce\u795e\u5b78\u9662\u5c31\u8b80\uff0c\u66f4\u85c9\u6b64\u6d88\u5f2d\u6587\u76f2\u3002\u65e5\u64da\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u79ae\u62dc\u5802\u958b\u59cb\u9678\u7e8c\u6539\u5efa\uff0c\u4ee5\u78da\u74e6\u70ba\u5efa\u6750\u7684\u6f22\u5f0f\u5efa\u7bc9\uff0c\u4f46\u5f9e\u7167\u7247\u4ecd\u7121\u6cd5\u5168\u7136\u77e5\u6089\u5167\u90e8\u683c\u5c40\u662f\u5426\u5168\u7136\u53c3\u8003\u897f\u65b9\u683c\u5c40\uff1f\u57281970\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u90e8\u4efd\u8f03\u6162\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\u6559\u6703\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u5916\u89c0\u897f\u5316\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u57282000\u5e74\u5f8c\u8a31\u591a\u767e\u5e74\u6559\u6703\u91cd\u5efa\u6642\uff0c\u5c0e\u5165\u897f\u5316\u5916\u89c0(\u4ee5\u8056\u7d93\u5167\u6587\uff1a\u65b9\u821f\u3001\u61c9\u8a31\u4e4b\u5730\u2026)\u53ca\u7d50\u5408\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u5167\u90e8\u7a7a\u9593\u683c\u5c40\u5747\u8003\u91cf\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b78\u3001\u6d3b\u52d5\u6176\u5178\u3001\u6703\u52d9\u8fa6\u516c\u3001\u5c55\u51fa\u53ca\u4f4f\u5bbf\u7b49\u8907\u5408\u5f0f\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u6700\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u53ca\u9031\u5ef6\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
1897(\u62161896)\u5de6\u93ae\u62d4\u99ac\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u8056\u7d93\u7f85\u99ac\u62fc\u97f3\u73ed\u53ca\u6f22\u6587\u73ed(\u5340\u5206\u6210\u4eba\u73ed\u53ca\u9752\u5c11\u73ed)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
1931\u5e741\u6708\u5de6\u93ae\u62d4\u99ac\u6559\u6703\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u5efa<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
\u5ca1\u6797\u6559\u6703\uff0c1941\u5e74\u62cd\u651d\uff0c\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u61c9\u65bc1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td><\/tr>
2025\u5e74\u5de6\u93ae\u62d4\u99ac\u6559\u6703<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4f0d\u3001\u7d50\u8a9e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7d9c\u4e0a\u800c\u8ad6\uff0c\u672a\u5fc5\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u6027\u3001\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u7121\u9650\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u4f60\u5f9e\u672a\u5f97\u77e5\u53ca\u898b\u8b58\u7684\u89d2\u843d\u986f\u9732\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u73fe\u7121\u9650\u7684\u52d5\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u5728\u4ee5\u4eba\u70ba\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6703\u7522\u751f\u6211\u5011\u8fc4\u4eca\u672a\u66fe\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u6703\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6642\u671f\u3001\u5730\u57df\u3001\u4eba\u7269\u7b49\u5c55\u73fe\u7121\u9650\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f\u800c\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9a45\u52d5\u65bc\u672a\u4f86\uff1f\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9678\u3001\u53c3\u8003\u5f15\u7528\u6587\u737b\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

#2006\uff0c\u770b\u898b19\u4e16\u7d00\u53f0\u7063\uff0c\u8cbb\u5fb7\u5ec9\u3001\u7f85\u6548\u5fb7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#1969\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6c11\u65cf\u624017\u671f\u5c08\u520a\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u571f\u8457\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u5206\u985e\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u8cbb\u7f85\u79ae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#1915\uff0cSketches From Formosa,William Cambell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#1877\uff0cFormosa and It’s Inhabitnts,Joseph Beal Steere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#1957\u81f31963\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5289\u658c\u96c4\u6559\u6388\u8abf\u67e5\u624b\u7a3f\u53ca\u7167\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#\u5de6\u93ae\u62d4\u99ac\u6559\u67031875\u81f31920\u5c0f\u6703\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#2011\u5e74\uff0c\u521d\u63a2\u798f\u723e\u6469\u6c99\u8377\u862d\u7b46\u8a18\uff0c\u8449\u6625\u69ae\u7de8\u8b6f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#2023\u5e74\u81ea\u8607\u683c\u862d\u8cfc\u5f97John Thomson \u7167\u7247\u53ca\u624b\u7a3f<\/p>\n\n\n

  1. \u564d\u5427\u54d6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f8c\u5fb5\u8abf\u65b0\u6e2f\u793e\u77e5\u6bcd\u7fa9\u3001\u5345\u516d\u5d19\u7b49\u805a\u843d\uff0c\u5927\u5091\u985b\u793e\u3001\u963f\u84ee\u793e\u7b49\u5206\u5225\u9032\u5165\u5357\u5316\u3001\u5167\u9580\u3001\u6749\u6797\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u591a\u4ee5\u6c0f\u65cf\u6216\u6df7\u793e\u58ef\u4e01\u9077\u5165\u5c45\u591a\u3002 \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  2. 1905\u5e74(\u660e\u6cbb38\u5e74)\u8543\u85af\u5ef3\u56db\u793e\u8b66\u5bdf\u5b98\u540f\u6d3e\u51fa\u6240\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5fb5\u8abf\u58ef\u4e01\u5206\u5225\u524d\u5f80\u5c0f\u6797\u3001Hla^alua(\u62c9\u963f\u9b6f\u54c7)\u3001 Hlihlara(Garny\u96c1\u723e)\u7b49\u7b2c\u5354\u9632\u65e5\u8b66\uff0c\u5f8c\u671f\u66f4\u4ee5\u734e\u52f5\u5c6f\u58be\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u65b0\u6e2f\u793e\u3001\u5927\u6b66\u58df\u793e\u4f4f\u6c11\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5ead\u6216\u6c0f\u65cf\u9077\u5165\u3002 \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  3. David Wright\u8607\u683c\u862d\u4eba\uff0c\u66fe\u65bc\u7687\u5bb6\u6d77\u8ecd\u670d\u5f79\u904e\uff0c1648\u5e74\u53d7\u50f1\u65bc\u6771\u5370\u5ea6\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u65bc1650\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u5728\u81fa\u7063\u5c45\u4f4f\u5c07\u8fd17\u5e74\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u64d4\u4efb\u5730\u7406(\u9ec3\u91d1\u3001\u786b\u78fa)\u53ca\u6c11\u65cf\u8abf\u67e5\u54e1\uff0c\u5c0d\u81fa\u7063\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u53ca\u57d4\u6f22\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e26\u6e2c\u7e6a\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u81fa\u7063\u5730\u7406\uff0c\u66f4\u66fe\u7d93\u524d\u5f80\u4eca\u5929\u5b9c\u82b1\u6771\u6d77\u5cb8\u4e00\u7dda\u3002David Wright\u8457\u4f5c\u66fe\u7531Dapper\u5f59\u96c6\u5f8c\u4ee5\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u800c\u99ac\u96c5\u5404\u91ab\u5e2b(James Laidlaw Maxwell)\u65bc\u611b\u4e01\u5821\u6c42\u5b78\u6642\uff0c\u63a5\u89f8\u5230\u8a72\u66f8\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\u4e26\u4fc3\u6210\u5176\u65e5\u5f8c\u4f86\u81fa\u50b3\u6559\u3002 \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  4. \u5728\u81fa\u7063\u5404\u7e23\u5e02\u5bae\u5edf\u3001\u5b97\u65cf\u5bb6\u5edf\u3001\u4f5b\u5bfa\uff0c\u9664\u539f\u6709\u5949\u7940\u795e\u660e\u5916\uff0c\u4ea6\u8207\u5e73\u57d4\u7956\u9748\u540c\u6bbf(\u6848)\u5408\u7940\uff0c\u6216\u8a2d\u65bc\u504f\u6bbf(\u6848)\u3001\u684c\u4e0b\u3001\u7246\u9f95\uff0c\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u7bc0\u65e5\u656c\u62dc\uff0c\u6216\u5df2\u5168\u6f22\u5316\u914d\u5408\u4e3b\u795e\u4e00\u4f75\u795d\u58fd\u6216\u656c\u62dc\u3002\u5408\u58c7\u884c\u70ba\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u5728\u6c11\u9593\u4fe1\u4ef0\u50b3\u5165\u6642\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u7814\u5224\u6700\u65e9\u767c\u751f\u5408\u58c7\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u5728\u5e73\u57d4\u65cf\u79c1\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6216\u5b97\u65cf\u7956\u9748\uff0c\u4e43\u4fc2\u56e0\u62db\u8d05\u6216\u7d93\u6fdf\u6d3b\u52d5\u7b49\u3002 \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  5. \u7518\u6cbb\u58eb(George Candidius)1597\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u5fb7\u570b\uff0c\u65bc1621\u6210\u70ba\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u6703\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9996\u4f4d\u4f86\u81fa\u65b0\u6559\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u66fe\u65bc1627\u81f31631\uff0c1633\u81f31637\u7b49\u6642\u6642\u9593\u4f86\u81fa\u50b3\u6559\u6578\u6b21\uff0c\u9664\u5c0d\u81fa\u7063\u53ca\u5e73\u57d4\u65cf\u7fa4\u6709\u8a73\u7d30\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u7f85\u99ac\u62fc\u97f3\u65b9\u5f0f\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u65b0\u6e2f\u8a9e\u4e26\u7de8\u5beb\u897f\u62c9\u96c5\u8a9e\u8fad\u5178\uff0c\u9084\u5c07\u7948\u79b1\u6587\u53ca\u6559\u7406\u554f\u7b54\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u897f\u62c9\u96c5\u8a9e\u3002 \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  6. \u65bc1863\u5e7412\u67084\u65e5\u642d\u8239\u62b5\u9054\u4e2d\u570b\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c1864\u5e742\u6708\u81f3\u5ec8\u9580\u5b78\u7fd2\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e(\u6f33\u6cc9\u7247\u65b9)\uff0c\u66fe\u65bc1864\u5e7410\u6708\u8207\u540c\u70ba\u8607\u683c\u6559\u6703\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u517c\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u5bb6\u675c\u5609\u5fb7(Carstairs Dougias)\u77ed\u66ab\u4f86\u81fa\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u6253\u72d7\u57ce\u3001\u81fa\u5357\u5e9c\u57ce\u3001\u5f70\u5316\u57e4\u982d\u7b49\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u5ba3\u6559\u5730\u9ede \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  7. 1870\u5e747\u6708\u53ca10\u6708\uff0c\u99ac\u96c5\u5404\u91ab\u5e2b\u591a\u6b21\u5728\u7b46\u8a18\u53ca\u6703\u5340\u8a18\u9304\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u6c38\u8208(\u6728\u67f5\u67d1\u4ed4\u6797)\u6559\u6703\u3001\u5ca1\u4ed4\u6797\u6559\u6703\u3001\u62d4\u99ac\u6559\u6703\u65bc\u540c\u6642\u671f\u524d\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u6574\u4fee\u6216\u65b0\u5efa\u5efa\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6559\u5802\u5982\u671f\u5b8c\u6210\u958b\u8a2d\uff0c\u552f\u5ca1\u4ed4\u6797\u6559\u5802\u56e0\u5730\u65b9\u674e\u59d3\u5b98\u7d33\u5e36\u982d\u6297\u8b70\u963b\u64cb\uff0c\u81f4\u6559\u5802\u5de5\u7a0b\u5ef6\u5b95\u3002\u53e6\u7518\u70ba\u9716(William Campbell\uff0c\u8607\u683c\u862d\u4eba)\u7267\u5e2b\u65bc1874\u5e742\u6708(\u62161873\u5e7411\u6708)\u5275\u7acb\u767d\u6c34\u6eaa\u7c21\u6613\u5802\u50b3\u6559\uff0c\u65bc\u7fcc\u5e74(1875\u5e741\u67085\u65e5)\u906d\u6728\u5c50\u5bee\u5433\u77e5\u9ad8(\u53c8\u540d\u5433\u7246\uff0c\u982d\u76ee\u517c\u516c\u5ee8\u5411\u982d)\u56e0\u9644\u8fd1\u4f4f\u6c11\u9010\u6f38\u6539\u4fe1\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u9ce9\u96c6\u864e\u4ed4\u5893\u3001\u9c17\u6e9c\u5751\u7b49\u805a\u843d\u7537\u5973\uff0c\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5802\u6557\u58de\u5730\u7406\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u65bc\u7576\u65e5\u665a\u711a\u6bc0\u767d\u6c34\u6eaa\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u5c07\u7518\u70ba\u9716\u7267\u5e2b\u7b49\u4eba\u6bba\u50b7\uff0c\u7518\u7267\u5e2b\u53ca\u96a8\u884c\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u5730\u5df2\u7688\u4f9d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u5f92(\u76f8\u50b3\u662f\u5927\u6b66\u58df\u805a\u843d)\u5354\u52a9\uff0c\u8d81\u591c\u8272\u7d93\u4ed9\u8349\u57d4\u9003\u56de\u5ca9\u524d\u6559\u6703\u3002\u6458\u81ea\u5ca1\u6797\u7f85\u6c38\u751f(\u539f\u540d\u7f85\u6c34\u6842)\u5f8c\u4ee3\u53e3\u8ff0\uff0c\u767d\u6c34\u6eaa\u6559\u6703\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7f85\u6c38\u751f\u70ba\u96a8\u884c\u50b3\u6559\u4eba\u54e1\uff0c\u7576\u665a\u7f85\u54e1\u5de6\u624b\u4ea6\u906d\u5200\u780d\u50b7\u3002 \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  8. \u516c\u5ee8(Kuva)\u4e00\u8a5e\u6700\u65e9\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\uff1a\u5b98\u7f72(\u5510\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e)\u3001\u6703\u6240(\u5834)\u3001\u6210\u5e74\u672a\u5a5a\u7537\u5b50\u5c45\u6240\u7b49\uff0c\u8377\u862d\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u53ca\u516c\u5ee8\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u8a18\u8f09\u516c\u5ee8\u4e2d\u6709\u64fa\u8a2d\u7956\u9748\u4f9b\u4eba\u819c\u62dc\uff0c\u9023\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u7518\u6cbb\u58eb(George Candidius)\u53ca\u505a\u904e\u5168\u81fa\u5b97\u6559\u53ca\u90e8\u843d\u8abf\u67e5\u7684David Wright\uff0c\u90fd\u672a\u66fe\u8a18\u8f09\u516c\u5ee8\u4e2d\u6709\u7956\u9748\uff1b\u7814\u5224\u516c\u5ee8\u5c0e\u5165\u7956\u9748\u8a2d\u7f6e\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u61c9\u662f\u6e05\u671d\u4e2d\u8449\uff0c\u56e0\u5eb7\u7199\u81f3\u96cd\u6b63\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u5de1\u81fa\u5fa1\u53f2\u9ec3\u53d4\u74a5\u5728\u5176\u8d64\u5d01\u7b46\u8ac7\u3001\u756a\u4fd7\u516d\u8003\u3001\u756a\u4fd7\u96dc\u8a18\u7b49\uff0c\u5747\u7121\u516c\u5ee8\u8a2d\u7f6e\u7956\u9748\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002 \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  9. \u7af9\u630a\u539d\u4ea6\u7a31\u7af9\u62f1\u3001\u560e\u96f7\u539d\uff0c\u4fc2\u4ee5\u523a\u7af9\u70ba\u67f1\u6a11\uff0c\u65bc\u67f1\u8207\u67f1\u9593\u7247\u7af9\u70ba\u7c6c\u5fc3\u4e32\u6392\uff0c\u518d\u6577\u4ee5\u7a3b\u6bbc\u6df7\u6ce5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d0b\u7070\u6216\u86b5\u7070\u5857\u62b9\uff0c\u5c4b\u9802\u5247\u4ee5\u8305\u3001\u8292\u3001\u83c5\u6216\u7a3b\u8349\u8986\u84cb\u3002 \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  10. John Thomson\u6bcf\u5230\u6559\u6703\u6216\u50b3\u6559\u9ede\u4e00\u5b9a\u62cd\u7167\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u5ca1\u6797\u6559\u6703\u662f\u5de6\u93ae\u6700\u65e9\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u70ba\u4f55\u7368\u6f0f\u5ca1\u6797\u6559\u6703\uff1fJohn Thomson\u65bc1871\u5e744\u670812\u65e5\u4e2d\u5348\u8207Dr.Maxwell\u5230\u9054\u5ca1\u6797\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u7b46\u8a18\u4e2d\u96d6\u8a18\u8f09\u524d\u5f80\u6559\u6703\u65c1L\u59d3\u5bb6\u4e2d\u53c3\u89c0\u592a\u7956\u5abd\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u5f97\u62cd\u651d\u3002\u53e6\u540c\u5e745\u670828\u65e5\u518d\u5f9e\u6728\u67f5\u9014\u7d93\u5ca1\u6797\u524d\u5f80\u62d4\u99ac\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u9014\u4e2d\u62cd\u4e86\u6c34\u6d41\u6771\uff0c\u537b\u53c8\u6c92\u62cd\u5ca1\u6797\u6559\u6703\uff1f(\u7576\u6642\u5ca1\u6797\u6559\u6703\u662f\u5426\u4ecd\u5728\u8208\u5efa\u4e2d\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7d00\u9304\u53ef\u8cc7\u8b49\u660e\u8a72\u6559\u6703\u975e\u57281867\u81f31870\u5e74\u9593\u843d\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u50b3\u6559\u884c\u70ba\u78ba\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u5df2\u4e45) \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u9673\u4e16\u6590\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u53f0\u7063\u5357\u5cf6\u6587\u5316\u5b78\u6703\u7c4c\u5099 … <\/p>\n

    <\/span> Continue reading “\u3010\u5c08\u6587\u3011\u5916\u4f86\u6cbb\u6b0a\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\u897f\u62c9\u96c5\u4fe1\u4ef0\u53ca\u7a7a\u9593\u4e4b\u8f49\u5316\u8207\u4f7f\u7528”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5675,"featured_media":2235,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"[{\"content\":\"\u564d\u5427\u54d6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f8c\u5fb5\u8abf\u65b0\u6e2f\u793e\u77e5\u6bcd\u7fa9\u3001\u5345\u516d\u5d19\u7b49\u805a\u843d\uff0c\u5927\u5091\u985b\u793e\u3001\u963f\u84ee\u793e\u7b49\u5206\u5225\u9032\u5165\u5357\u5316\u3001\u5167\u9580\u3001\u6749\u6797\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u591a\u4ee5\u6c0f\u65cf\u6216\u6df7\u793e\u58ef\u4e01\u9077\u5165\u5c45\u591a\u3002\",\"id\":\"43b32095-0e4e-4c86-9646-8bf16180894d\"},{\"content\":\"1905\u5e74(\u660e\u6cbb38\u5e74)\u8543\u85af\u5ef3\u56db\u793e\u8b66\u5bdf\u5b98\u540f\u6d3e\u51fa\u6240\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5fb5\u8abf\u58ef\u4e01\u5206\u5225\u524d\u5f80\u5c0f\u6797\u3001Hla^alua(\u62c9\u963f\u9b6f\u54c7)\u3001 Hlihlara(Garny\u96c1\u723e)\u7b49\u7b2c\u5354\u9632\u65e5\u8b66\uff0c\u5f8c\u671f\u66f4\u4ee5\u734e\u52f5\u5c6f\u58be\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u65b0\u6e2f\u793e\u3001\u5927\u6b66\u58df\u793e\u4f4f\u6c11\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5ead\u6216\u6c0f\u65cf\u9077\u5165\u3002\",\"id\":\"8f31e6f5-d31a-4dc9-8e17-df7790755f76\"},{\"content\":\"David Wright\u8607\u683c\u862d\u4eba\uff0c\u66fe\u65bc\u7687\u5bb6\u6d77\u8ecd\u670d\u5f79\u904e\uff0c1648\u5e74\u53d7\u50f1\u65bc\u6771\u5370\u5ea6\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u65bc1650\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u5728\u81fa\u7063\u5c45\u4f4f\u5c07\u8fd17\u5e74\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u64d4\u4efb\u5730\u7406(\u9ec3\u91d1\u3001\u786b\u78fa)\u53ca\u6c11\u65cf\u8abf\u67e5\u54e1\uff0c\u5c0d\u81fa\u7063\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u53ca\u57d4\u6f22\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e26\u6e2c\u7e6a\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u81fa\u7063\u5730\u7406\uff0c\u66f4\u66fe\u7d93\u524d\u5f80\u4eca\u5929\u5b9c\u82b1\u6771\u6d77\u5cb8\u4e00\u7dda\u3002David Wright\u8457\u4f5c\u66fe\u7531Dapper\u5f59\u96c6\u5f8c\u4ee5\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u800c\u99ac\u96c5\u5404\u91ab\u5e2b(James Laidlaw Maxwell)\u65bc\u611b\u4e01\u5821\u6c42\u5b78\u6642\uff0c\u63a5\u89f8\u5230\u8a72\u66f8\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\u4e26\u4fc3\u6210\u5176\u65e5\u5f8c\u4f86\u81fa\u50b3\u6559\u3002\",\"id\":\"0042e3f7-af3a-4f7e-93a2-9be8d30331dd\"},{\"content\":\"\u5728\u81fa\u7063\u5404\u7e23\u5e02\u5bae\u5edf\u3001\u5b97\u65cf\u5bb6\u5edf\u3001\u4f5b\u5bfa\uff0c\u9664\u539f\u6709\u5949\u7940\u795e\u660e\u5916\uff0c\u4ea6\u8207\u5e73\u57d4\u7956\u9748\u540c\u6bbf(\u6848)\u5408\u7940\uff0c\u6216\u8a2d\u65bc\u504f\u6bbf(\u6848)\u3001\u684c\u4e0b\u3001\u7246\u9f95\uff0c\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u7bc0\u65e5\u656c\u62dc\uff0c\u6216\u5df2\u5168\u6f22\u5316\u914d\u5408\u4e3b\u795e\u4e00\u4f75\u795d\u58fd\u6216\u656c\u62dc\u3002\u5408\u58c7\u884c\u70ba\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u5728\u6c11\u9593\u4fe1\u4ef0\u50b3\u5165\u6642\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u7814\u5224\u6700\u65e9\u767c\u751f\u5408\u58c7\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u5728\u5e73\u57d4\u65cf\u79c1\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6216\u5b97\u65cf\u7956\u9748\uff0c\u4e43\u4fc2\u56e0\u62db\u8d05\u6216\u7d93\u6fdf\u6d3b\u52d5\u7b49\u3002\",\"id\":\"17feef36-88c1-4035-b1d1-e9f9852e6708\"},{\"content\":\"\u7518\u6cbb\u58eb(George 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